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 《生理学》 > 生理学索引

索引

 

A

暗适应Dark adaptation285
暗视觉Scotopic vision280

 

B

被动转运Passive transport13
白细胞Leukocyte62
背侧呼吸组dorsal respiratory group174
搏功Stroke work90
变力作用Inotropic action132
变时作用Chronotropic action132
变传导作用Dromtropic action132
比顺应性Specific compliance156
补吸气量Inspiratoryreserve volume159
补呼气量Expiratory reserve volume159
不完全强直收缩Incomplete tetanus50
不感蒸发(不显汗)Insensible perpiration232
编码(作用)Encoding269
边缘系统Babinski’s sign336
巴彬斯基征Limbic system356
α波阻断α-boock364

 

C

出胞Exocytosis312
出血时间Bleeding time68
刺激Stimulus25
超常期Supranormal period26
超极化Hyperpolarization28
超速驱动压抑Overdrive suppression108
初长度Initial length46
促红细胞生成素Erythropoietin,EPO61
促胰液素Secretin204
促甲状腺激素Thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH382
促甲状腺激素释放激素Thyrotropin-releaxing hormone,TRH378
促性腺激素释放激素Gonadotropin-releasing hormone,GnRH379
促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素Corticotropin-releasing hormone,CRH380
促肾上腺皮质激素Adrenocorticotropin,ACTH382
促阿片-黑素细胞皮质素原Pro-opiomelanocrtin,POMC380
(阿黑皮素原)
长度-张力曲线Length-tension curve46,93
长时性记忆Long term memory359
长时程增强Long-term potentiation361
充盈期(相)filling period(phase)88
充盈压Filling pressure92
层流Laminar flow116
湍流Turbulence116,117
潮气量Tidal volume159
肠抑胃素Enterogastrone202
肠-胃反射Enterogastric reflex202
肠致活酶Enterokinase208
产热Production of heat230
传导Conduction97,231
传递蛋白Transducin281
传入侧支性抑制Afferent collateral inhibition322
窗孔结构Fenestration244
重吸收Reabsoption128
操作条件反射Operate conditioned reflex358
催产素Oxytocin,OXT385
催乳素Prolactin,PRL382
雌二醇Estradiol,E2398

 

D

单纯扩散Simple diffusion11
单收缩Single twitch49
单位平滑肌Single-unit smooth muscle52
单核细胞Monocyte62,65
电-化学势Electro-chemical potential14
电压门控通道Voltage-gated channel19
电压钳Voltage clamp32
电紧张性扩布Electrotonic propagation37
电突触Electric synapse306
第二信使Second messenger21,373
低常期Subnormal period26
动作电位Action potential25,27
动脉血压Arterial blood pressureJ118
动脉脉搏Atrerial pulse118
动-静脉吻合支Arteriovenous anastomosis126
动毛Kinocilium294
等长收缩Isometric contraction46
等张收缩Isotonic contraction49
等容收缩期Isovolumic systole86
等容舒张期Isovolumic diastole88
多单位平滑肌Multi-unit smooth muscle52
定向祖细胞Committed progenitors58
定比重吸收Constant fraction reabsorption257
代偿性间歇Compensatory pause107
代谢Metabolism218
端压End pressrure118
胆囊收缩素Cholecystokinin(CCK)205
胆盐Bile salt206
胆盐的肠肝循环Enterohepatic circulation of bile salt207
对流Convection231
毒蕈碱受体Muscarinic receptor313
短时性记忆Short term memory359
蛋白激酶CProtein kinase C,PKC375

 

E

二酰油Diacyl glycerol22
二氧化碳解离曲线Carbon dioxide dissociation curve171,172

 

F

反馈Feedback324
反射弧Rdflex arc3,317
锋电位Spike potential29
房室延搁Atrioventricular delay110
非自律细胞Non-rhythmic cell97
非蛋白呼吸商Non-protein respiratory quotient,NPRQ221
非突触性化学传递Non-synaptic chemical transmission305
非特异投射系统Nonspecific projection system327
非联合型学习Non-associative learning358
复活Reactivqtion106
肺循环Pulmonary circulation145
肺通气Pulmonary ventilation150
肺内压Intrapulmonary pressure154
肺泡表面活性物质Alveolar surfactant156
肺活量Vital capacity160
肺总量Total lung capacity160
肺泡通气量Alveolar ventilation160,161
肺扩散容量Pulmonary diffusion capacity165
肺牵张反射Pulmonary stretch reflex175
腹式呼吸Abdominal breathing152
腹侧呼吸组Ventral respiratory group174
分节运动Segmentation contraction208
放能反应Exergonic reaction218
辐射原则Divergence principle318
辐射Radiation231
发汗Sweating(perspiration)232
翻正反射Righting reflex341
防御反应区Defense zone355

 

G

钙调蛋白Calmodulin51,375
肝素Heparin72
工作(心肌)细胞Working(cardiac)cell97
冠脉循环Coronary circulation143
功能余气量Functional residual volume159
管球反馈Tubuloglomerular feedback258
光适应Light adaptation285
感觉柱Sensory column329
感觉失语症Xensory aphasia362
感觉区Sensory area331
睾酮Testosterone,T411

 

H

化学门控通道Chmically gated channel18
化学感受性反射Chemoreceptor rdflex137
化学感受器Chemoreceptor177
后电位Afterpotential29
后负荷Afterload46
后放Atfterdischarge321
河豚毒Tetrodotoxin34
横桥Cross bridge43
横桥联接Cross bridge attachment94
滑行学说Sliding theory42
红细胞Erythrocyte57,59
缓冲神经Buffer neerves136
呼吸Respiration150
呼气Expiration152
呼吸运动Respiratory movement152
呼吸困难Dysp(o)nea152
呼吸调节中枢Pneumotaxic center173
呼吸热量计Respiration calorimeter219
呼吸商Respiratory quotient220
回漏Back-leak247
回返性抑制Recurrent inhibition322
壶腹Ampulla295
海马环路Hippocmpal circuit361
黄体生成素Luteinizing hormone,LH382
(间质细胞刺激素)(interstitial cell stimulating hormone,ICSH)
环-磷腺苷Cyclic AMP,cAMP373

 

J

继发性主动转运Secondary active transport15
绝对不应期Absolute refractory period26
极化Polarization28
局部兴奋Local excitation36
局部神经元回路Local neuronal circuit306
局部回路神经元Local circuit neuron306
肌原纤维Myofibril41
肌小节Sarcomere41
肌凝蛋白(肌球蛋白)Myosin44
肌纤蛋白(肌动蛋白)Actin43
肌钙蛋白(原宁蛋白)Tropnin44
肌紧张Muscle tonus336
肌梭Muscle spindle37
集落刺激因子Colonystimulating factor,CSF62
浆细胞Plasma cell63
巨核细胞Megakaryocytes66
交叉配血试验Cross-match test83
交换血管Exchange vessel116
交互性突触Reciprocal synapse306
静息心指数Resting cardiac index89
静息张力Resting tension92
静脉回心血量Venous return122
静毛Stereocilia294
激肽释放酶-激肽系统Kallikrein-kinin system140
激素Hormone370
解剖无效腔Anatomical dead space161
基本电节律Basic electrical rhythm185
基础代谢Basal metabolic rate226
基础代谢率Basal metabolic rate226
假饲Sham-feeding198
假怒Sham rage355
直接测热法Direct calorimetry219
菊粉Inulin263
简化眼Reduced eye274
聚合原则Convergence principle318
脊休克Spinal shock335
甲状腺素(四碘甲腺原氨酸)Thyroxin,3,5,3’,5’-tetraiodlthyronine,T4387
甲状腺球蛋白Thyroglobulin,TG389
甲状腺素结合球蛋白Thyroxine-binding globulin,TBG390
甲状旁腺激素Parathyroid hormone,PTH394
降钙素Calcitomin,CT396
焦度Diopter273

 

K

跨膜信号传递Transmembrane signaling17
跨膜信号转换Transmembrane signal transduction18
跨膜静息电位Transmembrane reating potential28
快速(即早)基因Immediate-early gene24
快速射血期(相)Rapid ejection period(phase)87
快痛Fast pain332
空间性总和Spitial summation37
抗凝物质Anticoagulant68
抗利尿激素Antidiuretic hormone259
可感蒸发Sensible perspiration232

 

L

酪氨酸蛋白激酶受体Tyrosine kinase receptor23
量子式释放Quantal release39
粒细胞Granulocyte62
淋巴细胞Lymphocyte62,65
淋巴液Lymph130
冷敏神经元Cold-sensitive neuron235
滤过Filtration129
滤过裂孔隙Filtration slit membrane242
联合型学习Associative learning358
裂脑Split brain363
卵泡刺激素Follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH382

 

M

膜片钳Patch clamp30,34
每搏输出量Stroke volume89
每分功(心脏)Minute work(heart)90
每分输出量Minute volume(heart)89
每分通气量Minute ventilation volume160
脉搏压Pulse pressure119
毛细血管前阻力Precapillary resistance115
毛细血管后阻力Postcapillary resistance116
毛细血管前括约肌Precapillary sphincter116
毛细血管Capillary116
慢痛Slow pain332
慢波睡眠Slow wave sleep368

 

N

内环境Internal environment3,54
内因子Inintrinsic factor60
内源性激活途径Intrinsic route69
内皮舒张因子Endothelium-derived relaxing factor(EDRF)139
内皮缩血管因子Endothlium-derived vasoconstrictor factor(EDCF)139
内皮素Endothelin139
内脏痛Visceral pain33
钠泵Sodium pump14
鸟苷酸结合蛋白(G-蛋白)Guanine nucleotide-binding protein(G-protein)22
凝血因子Blood clotting factors68
凝血酶Thrombin71
凝集原Agglutinogen78
凝集素Agglutinin78
粘滞度Viscosity57
粘液Mucus196
粘液-碳酸氢盐屏障Mucus-bicarbonate barrier196
脑缺血反应Brain ischemia response137
脑循环Cerbral circulation146
脑脊液Cerebrospinal fluid147
脑电图Electroencephalogram,EEG364
能量代谢Energy metabolism218
逆向转运Antiport247
逆向转运体(交换体)Antiporter(exchanger)247
逆行性遗忘症Retrograde amnesia361
囊斑Macula396

 

O

呕吐vomiting202

 

P

坪(平台)plateau99
泊隶叶定律Poiseuilli’s law117
平静呼吸Eupn(o)ea (quiet breathing)152
排便Defecation211
排尿Micturition269
排尿欲Micturition desire266
排卵Ovulation415
皮肤温度Skin temperature231
皮质醇Cortisol398
皮质类固醇结合球蛋白Corticosteroid-binding globulin,CBG398
旁锥体系Parapyramidal system347
旁分泌Paracrine4

 

Q

前馈Feed-forward5
前负荷Preload46
前体细胞Precursors59
前裂腺素Prostaglandin,PG140,409
去极化(除极)Depolarzation28
去大脑僵直Decerebrate rigidity339
去皮层僵直Decorticate rigidity340
去甲肾上腺素Norepinephrine,NE309,403
“全或无”现象“all or none”phenomenon30
期前收缩(期外收缩)Premature systole(extrasystole)107
起搏电流Pacemaker current102
气胸Pneumothorax154
气道阻力Airway resistance158
气体交换Gas eschange161
气体扩散速率Diffusion rate of gas162
球管平衡Glomerulotubular balance257
醛固酮诱导蛋白Aldosterone-induced protein260
醛固酮Aldosterone260,397
曲张体Varicosity52
牵涉痛Referred pain333
牵张反射Stretch reflex336
屈肌反射Flexor reflex336

 

R

人白细胞抗原Human leudocyte antigen,HLA82
人绒毛膜促性腺激素Human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG420
入胞Endocytosis16
容量血管Capacitance vessel116
容量感受器Volume receptor136
蠕动Peristalsis193,209
绒毛Vullus419
绒毛收缩素Villikinin214
乳糜微粒Chylomicron216
热价Thermal equivalent220
热喘呼吸Panting232
热敏神经元Warm-sensitive neuron235
闰绍细胞Renshaw cell308

 

S

上行运动神经元麻痹Upper motorneuron paralysis348
上行抑制系统Ascenging inhibitory system369
神经垂体激素运载蛋白Neurophysin385
神经调节Neuroregulation3.130
神经递质Neurotransmitter307
神经激素Neurohormone370
神经分泌Neurocrine370
三磷酸肌醇Inositol triphosphate22
三碘甲腺原氨酸3,5,3’-triiodothyronine,T3387
α受体α-receptor314
β受体β-receptor314
时间性总和Tempoal summation37
时间肺活量Timed vital capacity160
四乙基铵Tetraethylammonium34
输血Blood transfusion77
嗜酸性粒细胞Eosnophils64
嗜碱性粒细胞Basophils64
射血分数Ejection fraction90
射血期(相)Ejection period(phase)87
收缩能力(肌)Contractility49
收缩(心缩期)Systole86
收缩压Systolic pressure120
舒张压Diastolic pressure120
舒张(心舒)期Diastole88
舒血管纤维Vasodilator fiber132
水肿Edema129
水利尿Water diuresis260
缩血管神经纤维Vasoconstrictor fiber132
肾素-血管紧张素系统Renin-angiotensin sysem137
肾血流量Renal blood flow241
肾小球滤过率Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system241.242.262
肾血浆流量Renal plasma flow246
肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统Renin-angiotensig-aldosterone system260
肾上腺素Epinephrine,E403
渗透浓度Osmolality253
渗透性利尿Osmotic diuresis260
顺应性Compliance155
顺向性遗忘症Anterograde ameesia361
深吸气量Inspiratory capacity159
生理无效腔Physiological dead space161
生长抑素Growth hormone release-inhibiting hormone GHRIH380
生物节律Biorhythm355
生长素Growth hormone,GH382
生长介素Somatomedin,SM383
生长素释放激素Growth hormone releasing hormone,GHRH380
生殖Reproduction411
升压素Vasopressin,VP385
食团Bolus192
食管-胃括约肌Esophageal-gastric sphincter193
食糜Chyme201
食物的特殊动力作用Specific dynamic action225
散热Loss of heat230
适宜刺激Adequate stimulus268
适应(感觉器)Adaptation271
视敏度Visual acuity274
视杆细胞Rod278
视锥细胞Cone278
视紫红质Rhodopsin279
视蛋白opsin279
视黄醛Retinal279
视野Visual field286
视网膜电图Elecrtoretinogram286
权突-树突型抑制Dendrodendrtic inhibition324
梭内肌纤维Intrafusal fiber337
梭外肌纤维Extrafuxla fiber337
失活Inactivation33
失写症Agraphia362
失读症Alexia362
失用症Apraxia363

 

T

褪黑素melatonin408
体液调节Humoral regulation233,353
体温Body temperature218,228
体表面积Body surface area226
通透性Permeability11
通气/血流比值Ventlation-perfusion ratio164
通血毛细血管Preferential channel125
吞饮Pinocytosis193
跳跃式传导Saltatory conduction38
调定点Set point353
调质Modulator311
条件反射Conditioned reflex3
碳酸酐酶Carbonic angydrase195
突触小体Synaptic knob,synaptic bouton303.304
突触前受体Presynaptic receptor315
突触后抑制Postsynaptic inhibition321
突触前抑制Presynaptic inhibition321
特异投射系统Specific projection system327

 

W

稳态homeostasis3,55
完全强直收缩Complete tetanus50
外源性激活途径Extrinsic route69
外周阻力Peripheral resistance119
外周静脉压Peripheral venous pressure123
外周化学感受器Peripheral chemoreceptor177
微循环Microcirculation125
微胶粒Micelle206
微绒毛Microvilli213
微音器电位Microphonic potential292
胃蛋白酶原Pepsinogen195
胃动素Motilin189
胃排空Gastric empty201
网状结构上行激动系统Ascending reticular activating system329
位置性眼震颤Positional nystagmus342
舞蹈病Chorea344

 

X

性激素结合球蛋白Sex hormone-binding globulin,SHBG412
雄激素结合蛋白Androgen binding protein,ABP412
信号系统学说Signal system theory359
效应器酶(膜)Effector enzyme21
腺苷酸环化酶Adenylate cyclase374
细胞间通道Intercellular channel21
兴奋性Excitability24
兴奋Excitation24
兴奋-收缩耦联Excitation-contraction coupling45
兴奋性突触后电位Excitatory postsynaptic potential319
相对不应期Relative refractory period107
Rh血型系统Rh system81
血量Blood volume55
血小板Platelets,thrombocyte66,75
血清Serum68
血液凝固Blood coagulation68
血浆Plasma56
血型Blood flow77
血小板的聚集过程Velocity of blood flow75
血流量Blood flow116
血流速度Velocity of blood flow116
血压Bolld pressure116
血管升压素Vasopressin139
血-脑屏障Bolld-cerebrospinal fluid barrier148
血红蛋白Hemoglobin167
循环系统平均充盈压Mean circulatory filling pressure118
纤维蛋白溶解酶Plasmin73
纤维蛋白溶解系统Fibrinolytic system68,73
心电图Electrocardiogram113
心动周期Cardiac cycle85
心房收缩期Atrial systole86
收肌收缩性Myocardial contractility94
心力贮备Cardiac reserve96
心室功能曲线Ventricular function curve92
心室收缩期Ventricular systole86
心室舒张期Venrticular diastole88
心输出量Cardiac output89
心音Heart sound96
心音图Phonocardiogram96
心指数Cardiac index89
心作功Myocardial work90
心血管中枢Cardiovascular center133
心房利尿钠肽Atrial natriuretic peptide140,261
吸气Inspiration151
吸气切断机制Inspiratory off-switch mechanism175
吸收Absorption184
吸能反应Endergonic reaction218
小汗腺Eccrine gland233
小脑性共济失调Cerebellar ataxia243
胸式呼吸Thoracic breathing152
胸膜腔内压Intrapulmonary pressure154
胸腺素Thymosin409
消化Digestion154
行波理论Theory of traveling wave290
行为觉醒Behavioral arousal367
下运动神经元麻痹Lower motorneuron paralysis348
下丘脑调节肽Hypothalamus regulatory peptide,HRP377

 

Y

液态镶嵌模型Fluid massaic model8
易化扩散Facilitated diffusion12
易化区Facilitatory region339
原癌基因Proto-oncogene23
原肌凝蛋白Tropomyosin44
阈值Thresshold26
阈下刺激Subliminal(subthreshold)stimulus26
α-银环蛇毒α-bungarotoxin41
有效不应期Effective refractory period107
有效滤过压Effective filtration pressure242,244
压力感受性反射Baroreceptor reflex135
用力呼吸Forced breathing160
余气量Residual volume159
氧容量Oxygen capacity168
氧含量Oxygen content168
氧饱和度Oxygen saturation168
氧离曲线Oxygen dissociation curve168
氧热价Thermal equivalent of oxygen220
抑胃肽Gastric inhibitory polypeptide(GIP)189
抑制性突触后Inhibitory postsynaptic potential322
抑制区Suppressor region339
抑制素Inhibin412
孕酮Progesterone,P416
月经Menstruation414
盐酸Hydrochloric acid194
胰高血糖素Glucagon405,407
胰岛素Insulin405
胰蛋白酶原Trypsinogen204
胰脂肪酶Lioase204
胰淀粉酶Pencreatic amylase203
应激Stress400
移动性运动综合波Migrating motility complex(MMC)209
眼震颤Nystagmus296
菸碱型受体Nicotinic receptor313
营养性作用Trophic action190,317
运动辅助区Supplementary motor area331
α运动神经元α-motor neruon335
γ运动神经元γ-motor neuron335
运动区Motor area331,345
运动柱Notor column346
运动失语症Motor aphasia362
一侧优势Laterality,cerebral dominance362
异相睡眠Paradoxical sleep368
诱发电位Evoked potential364
依赖cAMP激酶CAMP-deopendent protein kinase,cAMP-PK,PKA373
允许作用Permissive action373

 

Z

自身调节Autoregulation4
自动去极化Spontaneous depolarization102
自动节律性(自律性)Auto-rhythmicity107
自律细胞Rhythmic cell97
质膜Plasma membrane7
载体Carrier12
主动转运Active transport13
终板电位End-plate potential40
造血干细胞Hemopoitric stem cells58
造血生长因子Hematopoietic growth factor,HGF62
中性粒细胞Neutrophils63
中心静脉压Central venous pressure123
中枢化学感受器Central chenoreceptor178
中枢延搁Central delay320
张力速度关系曲线Force velocity relation curve47,93
最大复极电位Maximal repolarization potential101
最适初长Optimal length47
最适前负荷Optimal preload47
阻力血管Resistance vessel115
轴流Axial flow118
轴突反射Axon reflex133
轴浆运输Axoplasmic transport,axoplaxmic flow303
组织液Interstitial fluid128,129
组胺Histamine141
周期性呼吸Periodic breathing181
咀嚼Mastication192
蒸发Evaporation232
致密斑Macular densa239
昼视觉Photopic vision279
姿势反射Postural refelex341
状态反射Attitudinal reflex341
震颤麻痹Paralysis agitans344
锥体系Pyramidal system346
锥体外系Extrapyramidal system346